60 Minutesis an American news magazine andtelevision programbroadcast on the CBS television network. Debuting in 1968, the program was created by Don Hewitt, who chose to set it apart from other news programs by using a unique style of reporter-centered investigation. In 2002,60 Minuteswas ranked at No. 6 onTV Guide‘s 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time^[11]and in 2013, it was ranked #24 onTV Guide‘s 60 Best Series of All Time.^[12]The New York Timeshas called it “one of the most esteemed news magazines on American television”.^[13]

The program employed a magazine format, similar to that of the Canadian programW5, which had premiered two years earlier. It pioneered many of the most importantinvestigative journalismprocedures and techniques, including re-editing interviews, hidden cameras, and “gotcha journalism” visits to the home or office of an investigative subject.^[15]Similar programs sprang up in Australia and Canada during the 1970s, as well as on local television news.^[15]

Initially,60 Minutesaired as a bi-weekly show hosted by Harry Reasoner and Mike Wallace, debuting on September 24, 1968, and alternating weeks with otherCBS Newsproductions on Tuesday evenings at 10:00 p.m.Eastern Time. The first edition, described by Reasoner in the opening as a “kind of a magazine for television,” featured the following segments:

The first “magazine-cover” chroma key was a photo of two helmeted policemen (for the Clark interview segment). Wallace and Reasoner sat in chairs on opposite sides of the set, which had a cream-colored backdrop; the more famous black backdrop (which is still used as of 2017) did not appear until the following year. The logo was in Helvetica type with the word “Minutes” spelled in all lower-case letters; the logo most associated with the show (rendered in Eurostile type with “Minutes” spelled in uppercase) did not appear until about 1974. Further, to extend the magazine motif, the producers added a “Vol. xx, No. xx” to the title display on the chroma key; modeled after the volume and issue number identifications featured in print magazines, this was used until about 1971. The trademark stopwatch, however, did not appear on the inaugural broadcast; it would not debut until several episodes later. Alpo dog food was the sole sponsor of the first program.^[10]

Don Hewitt, who had been a producer of theCBS Evening Newswith Walter Cronkite, sought out Wallace as a stylistic contrast to Reasoner.^[16]According to one historian of the show, the idea of the format was to make the hosts the reporters, to always feature stories that were of national importance but focused upon individuals involved with, or in conflict with, those issues, and to limit the reports’ airtime to around 13 minutes.^[16]However, the initial season was troubled by lack of network confidence, as the program did not garner ratings much higher than that of other CBS News documentaries. As a rule, during that era, news programming during prime time lost money; networks mainly scheduled public affairs programs in prime time in order to bolster the prestige of their news departments, and thus boost ratings for the regular evening newscasts, which were seen by far more people than documentaries and the like.60 Minutesstruggled under that stigma during its first three years.

Changes to60 Minutescame fairly early in the program’s history. When Reasoner left CBS to co-anchorABC‘s evening newscast (he would return to CBS and60 Minutesin 1978), Morley Safer joined the team in 1970, and he took over Reasoner’s duties of reporting less aggressive stories. However, when Richard Nixon began targeting press access and reporting, even Safer, formerly the CBS News bureau chief in Saigon and London, began to do “hard” investigative reports, and during the 1970–1971 season alone60 Minutesreported on cluster bombs, the South Vietnamese Army, draft dodgers,Nigeria, the Middle East, andNorthern Ireland.^[17]

By 1971, theFederal Communications Commission(FCC) introduced the Prime Time Access Rule, which freed local network affiliates in the top 50 markets (in practice, the entire network) to take a half-hour of prime time from the networks on Mondays through Saturdays and one full hour on Sundays. Because nearly all affiliates found production costs for the FCC’s intended goal of increased public affairs programming very high and the ratings (and by association, advertising revenues) low, making it mostly unprofitable, the FCC created an exception for network-authored news and public affairs shows. After a six-month hiatus in late 1971, CBS found a prime place for60 Minutesin a portion of that displaced time, 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. Eastern (5:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.Central Time) on Sundays in January 1972.^[17]

This proved somewhat less than satisfactory, however, because in order to accommodate CBS’ telecasts of late afternoonNational Football League(NFL) football games,60 Minuteswent on hiatus during the fall from 1972 to 1975 (and the summer of 1972). This took place because football telecasts were protected contractually from interruptions in the wake of the infamous “Heidi Bowl” incident on NBC in November 1968. Despite the irregular scheduling, the program’s hard-hitting reports attracted a steadily growing audience, particularly during the waning days of theVietnam Warand the gripping events of theWatergate scandal; at that time, few if any other major network news shows did in-depth investigative reporting to the degree carried out by60 Minutes.Eventually, during the summers of 1973 through 1975, CBS did allow the program back onto the prime time schedule proper, on Fridays in 1973 and Sundays the two years thereafter, as a replacement for programs aired during the regular television season.

It was only when the FCC returned an hour to the networks on Sundays (for news or family programming), which had been taken away from them four years earlier, in a 1975 amendment to the Access Rule, that CBS finally found a viable permanent timeslot for60 Minutes.When a family-oriented drama,Three for the Road, ended after a 12-week run in the fall, the newsmagazine took its place at 7:00 p.m. Eastern Time (6:00 p.m. Central) on December 7, 1975. It has aired at that time since for 42 years as of 2017, making60 Minutesnot only the longest-running prime time program currently in production, but also the television program (excluding daily programs such as evening newscasts or morning news-talk shows) broadcasting for the longest length of time at a single time period each week in U.S. television history.

This move, and the addition of then-White House correspondent Dan Rather to the reporting team, made the program into a strong ratings hit and, eventually, a general cultural phenomenon. This was no less than a stunning reversal of the historically poor ratings performances of documentary programs on network television. By 1976,60 Minutesbecame the top-rated program on Sunday nights in the U.S. By 1979, it had achieved the #1 spot among all television programs in theNielsen ratings, unheard of before for a news broadcast in prime time. This success translated into great profits for CBS, advertising rates went from $17,000 per 30-second spot in 1975 to $175,000 in 1982.^[18]

The program sometimes does not start until after 7:00 p.m. Eastern, due largely to CBS’ live broadcast of NFL games. At the conclusion of an NFL game,60 Minuteswill air in its entirety. However, on the West Coast (and all of the Mountain Time Zone), because the actual end of the live games is much earlier in the afternoon in comparison to the Eastern and Central time zones,60 Minutesis always able to start at its normal start time of 7:00 p.m.Pacific Time, leaving affiliates free to broadcast local news, theCBS Evening News, and other local orsyndicated programmingleading up to60 Minutes. The program’s success has also led CBS Sports to schedule events (such as the final round of the Masters Tournament and the second round and regional final games of theNCAA Men’s Basketball Tournament) leading into60 Minutesand the rest of the network’s primetime lineup, thus (again, except on the West Coast) pre-empting the Sunday editions of theCBS Evening Newsand affiliates’ local newscasts.

Starting in the 2012–2013 season, in order to accompany a new NFL rule that the second game of an NFL doubleheader start at 4:25 p.m., CBS officially changed the start time of60 Minutesto 7:30 p.m. Eastern time on Sundays in Eastern and Central Time Zone markets when there is an NFL doubleheader scheduled to air (there are nine doubleheaders during the NFL season – eight during the first 16 weeks of the season, and the final week) to protect against overruns. The start time remains at 7:00 p.m. Eastern time in markets where only a single game is set to air (markets that have only a 1:00 p.m. Eastern time game on single game weeks, and in markets where a home team’s NFL game is on Fox at 4:05 p.m., meaning CBS cannot air a doubleheader because of restrictions imposed by the NFL).^[19]

The program has rarely been pre-empted since 1978. Two notable pre-emptions occurred in 1976 and 1977, to make room for the annual telecast ofThe Wizard of Oz, which had recently returned to CBS after having been shown onNBCfor eight years. However, CBS would, in later years, schedule the film so that it would no longer pre-empt60 Minutes. Another exception is on years when CBS airs theSuper Bowlor since 2003, alternating, odd-numbered years where the AFC Championship Game has the 6:30 p.m. Eastern start time, which is played into prime-time and followed by a special lead-out program.

On September 22, 2013, CBS chose to pre-empt60 Minutesas a result of carrying the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards after an NFL doubleheader.^[20]

60 Minutesis also simulcast on several former CBS Radio flagship stations now owned by Entercom (such as KYW in Philadelphia, WCBS in New York City, WBBM in Chicago, WWJ in Detroit and KCBS inSan Francisco) when it airs locally on their sister CBS Television Network affiliate; even in the Central and Eastern time zones, the show is aired at the top of the hour at 7:00 p.m./6:00 p.m. Central (barring local sports play-by-play pre-emptions and breaking news coverage) no matter how long the show is delayed on CBS Television, resulting in radio listeners often hearing the show on those stations ahead of the television broadcast. An audio version of each broadcast without advertising began to be distributed viapodcastand the iTunes Store, starting with the September 23, 2007 broadcast.^[21]Video from60 Minutes(including full episodes) is also made available for streaming several hours after the program’s initial broadcast on CBSNews.com and CBS All Access.

60 Minutesconsists of three long-form news stories, without superimposed graphics. There is acommercial breakbetween two stories. Each story is introduced from a set with a backdrop resembling pages from a magazine story on the same topic. The program undertakes its own investigations and follows up on investigations instigated by national newspapers and other sources. Unlike its most famous competitor20/20as well as traditional local and national news programs, the60 Minutesjournalistsnevershare the screen with (or speak to) other60 Minutesjournalists on camera atanytime. This creates a strong psychological sense of intimacy between the journalist and the television viewer.

60 Minutesblends the probing journalism of the seminal 1950s CBS seriesSee It Nowwith Edward R. Murrow (a show for which Hewitt served as the director for its first few years) and the personality profiles of another Murrow program,Person to Person. In Hewitt’s own words,60 Minutesblends “higher Murrow” and “lower Murrow”.^[22]

For most of the 1970s, the program includedPoint/Counterpoint, in which aliberaland aconservativecommentator debated a particular issue. This segment originally featured James J. Kilpatrick representing the conservative side and Nicholas von Hoffman^[23]for the liberal, with Shana Alexander^[24]taking over for von Hoffman after he departed in 1974.^[23]The segment was an innovation that caught the public imagination as a live version of competing editorials. In 1979, Alexander asked Hewitt to raise the pay of $350 a week, Hewitt declined, and the segment ended.^[23]

Point/Counterpointwas also lampooned by the NBC comedy seriesSaturday Night Live, which featured Jane Curtin and Dan Aykroyd as debaters, with Aykroyd announcing the topic, Curtin making an opening statement, then Aykroyd typically retorting with, “Jane, you ignorant slut” and Curtin with “Dan, you pompous ass”.^{[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]}In the 1980 filmAirplane!, in which thefauxKilpatrick argues in favor of the plane crashing stating “they bought their tickets, they knew what they were getting into”; and in the earlier sketch comedy film,The Kentucky Fried Movie, where the segment was called “Count/Pointercount”.

A similar concept was revived briefly in March 2003, this time featuringBob DoleandBill Clinton, former opponents in the 1996 presidential election. The pair agreed to do ten segments, called “Clinton/Dole” and “Dole/Clinton” in alternating weeks, but did not continue into the 2003–2004 fall television season. Reports indicated that the segments were considered too gentlemanly, in the style of the earlier “Point/Counterpoint”, and lacked the feistiness ofCrossfire.^[33]

From 1978 to 2011, the program usually ended with a (usually light-hearted and humorous) commentary by Andy Rooney expounding on topics of wildly varying import, ranging from international politics, to economics, and to personal philosophy on everyday life. One recurring topic was measuring the amount ofcoffeein coffee cans.^[34]

Rooney’s pieces, particularly one in which he referred to actor Mel Gibson as a “wacko”, on occasion led to complaints from viewers. In 1990, Rooney was suspended without pay for three months by then-CBS News President David Burke, because of the negative publicity around his saying that “too much alcohol, too much food, drugs, homosexual unions,cigarettes[are] all known to lead to premature death.”^[35]He wrote an explanatory letter to agayorganization after being ordered not to do so. After only four weeks without Rooney,60 Minuteslost 20% of its audience. CBS management then decided that it was in the best interest of the network to have Rooney return immediately.^[36]

Rooney published several books documenting his contributions to the program, includingYears Of MinutesandA Few Minutes With Andy Rooney. Rooney retired from60 Minutes, delivering his final commentary on October 2, 2011, it was his 1,097th commentary over his 34-year career on the program. He died one month later on November 4, 2011. The November 13, 2011 edition of60 Minutesfeatured an hour-long tribute to Rooney and his career, and included a rebroadcast of his final commentary segment.

The opening sequence features a60 Minutes“magazine cover” with the show’s trademark, an Aristo stopwatch, intercut with preview clips of the episode’s stories. The sequence ends with each of the current correspondents and hosts introducing themselves. The last host who appears (currently Bill Whitaker) then says, “Those stories tonight on60 Minutes“. When Rooney was a prominent fixture, the final line was “Those stories and Andy Rooney, tonight on60 Minutes“. Before that, and whenever Rooney did not appear, the final line was “Those stories and more, tonight on60 Minutes“.

60 Minuteswas the first, and remains the only, regularly scheduled program in the U.S. to never have used theme music. The only “theme” is the ticking of the stopwatch, which counts off each of the broadcast’s titular 60 minutes, starting from zero at the beginning of each show. It is seen during the opening title sequence, before each commercial break, and at the tail-end of the closing credits, and each time it appears it displays (within reasonable accuracy) the elapsed time of the episode to that point.

On October 29, 2006, the opening sequence changed from a black background, which had been used for over a decade, to white. Also, the gray background for the Aristo stopwatch in the “cover” changed to red, the color for the title text changed to white, and the stopwatch itself changed from the diagonal position it had been oriented in for 31 years to an upright position.

Videos and transcripts of60 Minuteseditions, as well as clips that were not included in the broadcast are available on the program’s website. In September 2010, the program launched a website called “60 Minutes Overtime”, in which stories broadcast on-air are discussed in further detail.^[37]

CBS Interactive released amobile appin 2013, “60 Minutes for iPad”, which allows users to watch60 MinutesoniPaddevices and access some of the show’s archival footage.

Commentators for60 Minuteshave included:

† = Deceased

Based onratings,60 Minutesis the most successful program in U.S. television history since it was moved into its present timeslot in 1975. For five of its seasons it has been that year’s top program, a feat matched by the sitcomsAll in the FamilyandThe Cosby Show, and surpassed only by the reality competition seriesAmerican Idol, which had been the #1 show for eight consecutive seasons from the 2003–2004 television season up to the 2010–2011 season.60 Minuteswas a top ten show for 23 seasons in a row (1977–2000), an unsurpassed record, and has made the Top 20 for every season since the 1976–1977 season, except the 2005–2006 season when it finished at #21.^[45]

60 Minutesfirst broke into the Nielsen Top 20 during the 1976–1977 season. The following season, it was the fourth-most-watched program, and by 1979–1980, it was the number one show.^[45]During the 21st century, it remains among the top 20 programs in the Nielsen ratings, and the highest-rated news magazine.^[46]

The November 16, 2008 edition featuring an interview with President-elect Barack Obama, earned a total viewership of 25.1 million viewers.^[47]

The October 6, 2013 edition (which was delayed by 44 minutes that evening due to a Denver Broncos-Dallas CowboysNFL game) drew 17.94 million viewers; retaining 63% of the 28.32 million viewers of its lead-in, and making it the most watched60 Minutesbroadcast since December 16, 2012.^[48][49]

The December 1, 2013 edition (delayed 50 minutes due to a Broncos-Kansas City Chiefs game) was watched by 18.09 million viewers, retaining 66% of its NFL lead-in (which earned 28.11 million viewers during the 7:00 p.m. hour).^[50]

The March 25, 2018 edition featuringStormy Danielsgiving details on her alleged affair with PresidentDonald Trumpdrew 22.1 million viewers, the most since the aforementioned Obama interview in 2008. The broadcast was delayed due to the NCAA men’s basketball regional final on CBS between Kansas and Duke going to overtime.^[51][52]

As of June 26, 2017,60 Minuteshad won a total of 138Emmy Awards, a record unsurpassed by any other primetime program on U.S. television.^[45][53]

The program has won 20 Peabody Awards for segments including “All in the Family”, an investigation into abuses by government and military contractors; “The CIA’s Cocaine”, which uncovered CIA involvement in drug smuggling, “Friendly Fire”, a report on incidents of friendly fire in theGulf War; “The Duke Rape Case”, an investigation into accusations of rape at an off campus lacrosse team party in 2006, and “The Killings in Haditha”, an investigation into the killing of Iraqi civilians by U.S. Marines.^[54]

The show received an Investigative Reporter and Editor medal for their segment “The Osprey”, documenting a Marine cover-up of deadly flaws in the V-22 Osprey aircraft.^[55]

In 1983, a report by Morley Safer, “Lenell Geter’s in Jail”, helped exonerate a Texas man who was wrongly convicted and imprisoned for armed robbery.^[56]

60 Minutescurrently holds the record for the longest continuously running program of any genre scheduled during American network prime time, it has aired at 7:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Sundays since December 7, 1975 (although since 2012, it is officially scheduled for 7:30 p.m. Eastern Time on Sundays where a CBS affiliate has a late NFL game).

The longer-runningMeet the Presshas also aired in prime time. Debuting in 1947, it has been a daytime program since 1965. The Walt Disney anthology television series, which premiered in 1954, and theHallmark Hall of Fame, which has aired since 1951, have aired longer than60 Minutes, but none of them has aired in prime time continually, as60 Minuteshas done.

The show has been praised for landmark journalism and received many awards. However, it has also become embroiled in some controversy, including (in order of appearance):

On November 23, 1986,60 Minutesaired a segment greenlit by Hewitt, concerning the Audi 5000 automobile, a popularGermanluxury car. The story covered a supposed problem of “unintended acceleration” when the brake pedal was pushed, with emotional interviews with six people who sued Audi (unsuccessfully) after they crashed their cars, including one woman whose 6-year-old boy had been killed. In the60 Minutessegment footage was shown of an Audi 5000 with the accelerator “moving down on its own”, accelerating the car. It later emerged that an expert witness employed by one of the plaintiffs modified the accelerator with a concealed device, causing the “unintended acceleration”.^[57]Independent investigators concluded that this “unintended acceleration” was most likely due to driver error, where the driver let their foot slip off the brake and onto the accelerator. Tests by Audi and independent journalists showed that even with the throttle wide open, the car would simply stall if the brakes were actually being used.^[58]

The incident devastated Audi sales in the United States, which did not rebound for 15 years. The initial incidents which prompted the report were found by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and Transport Canada to have been attributable to operator error, where car owners had depressed the accelerator pedal instead of the brake pedal. CBS issued a partial retraction, without acknowledging the test results of involved government agencies.^[59]Years later,Dateline NBC, a rival to60 Minutes, was found guilty of similar tactics regarding the fuel tank integrity of General Motors pickup trucks.^[60]

In February 1989,60 Minutesaired a report by the Natural Resources Defense Council claiming that the use of daminozide (Alar) on apples presented an unacceptably high health risk to consumers. Apple sales dropped and CBS was sued unsuccessfully by apple growers.^[61]Alar was subsequently banned for use on food crops in the U.S. by theEnvironmental Protection Agency(EPA).

On March 3, 1991,60 Minutesbroadcast “Werner Erhard,” which dealt with controversies involving Erhard’s personal and business life. One year after the60 Minutespiece aired, Erhard filed a lawsuit against CBS, claiming that the broadcast contained several “false, misleading and defamatory” statements about him. One month after filing the lawsuit, Erhard filed for dismissal.^[62]Erhard later toldLarry Kingin an interview that he dropped the suit after receiving legal advice telling him that in order to win it, he had to prove not only that CBS knew the allegations were false but also that CBS acted with malice.^[63]After numerous independent journalists exposed untruths and factual inaccuracies in the story^[64][65]the segment was removed by CBS from its archives, with a disclaimer: “This segment has been deleted at the request of CBS News for legal orcopyrightreasons.”^[66]

In 1995, former Brown & Williamson Vice President for Research and Development Jeffrey Wigand provided information to60 Minutesproducer Lowell Bergman that B&W had systematically hidden the health risks of their cigarettes (see transcription^[111]). Furthermore, it was alleged that B&W had introduced foreign agents (such as fiberglass and ammonia) with the intent of enhancing the effect of nicotine. Bergman began to produce a piece based upon the information, but ran into opposition from Don Hewitt who, along with CBS lawyers, feared a billion dollar lawsuit from Brown and Williamson for tortious interference for encouraging Wigand to violate his non-disclosure agreement. A number of people at CBS would benefit from a sale of CBS to Westinghouse Electric Corporation, including the head of CBS lawyers and CBS News. Also, because of the interview, the son of CBS President Laurence Tisch (who also controlled Lorillard Tobacco) was among the people from the big tobacco companies at risk of being caught having committed perjury. Due to Hewitt’s hesitation,The Wall Street Journalinstead broke Wigand’s story. The60 Minutespiece was eventually aired with substantially altered content and minus some of the most damning evidence against B&W. Theexposéof the incident was published in an article inVanity Fairby Marie Brenner, entitled “The Man Who Knew Too Much”.^[67]

The New York Timeswrote that “the traditions of Edward R. Murrow and “60 Minutes” itself were diluted in the process,”^[68]though the newspaper revised the quote slightly, suggesting that60 Minutesand CBS had “betrayed the legacy of Edward R. Murrow”. The incident was turned into a seven-times Oscar-nominated feature film entitledThe Insider, directed by Michael Mann and starringRussell Croweas Wigand,Al Pacinoas Bergman, and Christopher Plummer as Mike Wallace. Wallace denounced the portrayal of him as inaccurate to his stance on the issue.^[69]

60 Minutesalleged in 1997 that agents of the U.S. Customs Service ignored drug trafficking across theMexico–United States borderat San Diego.^[70]The only evidence was a memorandum apparently written by Rudy Camacho, who was the head of the San Diego branch office. Based on this memo, CBS alleged that Camacho had allowed trucks belonging to a particular firm to cross the border unimpeded. Mike Horner, a former Customs Service employee, had passed the memos on to60 Minutes, and even provided a copy with an official stamp. Camacho was not consulted about the piece, and his career was devastated in the immediate term as his own department placed suspicion on him. In the end, it turned out that Horner had forged the documents as an act of revenge for his treatment within the Customs Service. Camacho sued CBS and settled for an undisclosed amount of money in damages. Hewitt was forced to issue an on-air retraction.^[71]

A legal battle between archaeologists and the Umatilla tribe over the remains of a skeleton, nicknamed Kennewick Man, was reported by60 Minuteson October 25, 1998, to which the Umatilla tribe reacted negatively. The tribe considered the segment heavily biased in favor of the scientists, cutting out important arguments, such as explanations of Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.^[72]The report focused heavily on the racial politics of the controversy and also added inflammatory arguments, such as questioning the legitimacy ofNative Americansovereignty^[73]– much of the racial focus of the segment was later reported to have been either unfounded and/or misinterpreted.^[74]

On March 12, 2000,60 Minutesaired an interview withOklahoma City bomberTimothy McVeigh. At the time, McVeigh had already been convicted and sentenced to death for the April 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building and subsequent deaths of 168 people. On the program, McVeigh was given the opportunity to vent against the government.^[75]Following the program, a federal policy called the Special Confinement Unit Media Policy was enacted prohibiting face-to-face interviews with death row inmates.^[76]A federal inmate challenged the policy inHammer v. Ashcroft, under which the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit upheld the prison policy. In March 2010, theUnited States Supreme Courtdeclined to hear an appeal in the case, and the policy limiting media access to death row inmates remains in place. CBS refuses to show the entire interview, and has stated no reasons.^[77]

In recent years, the program has been accused of promoting books, films, and interviews with celebrities who are published or promoted by sister businesses of media conglomerate Viacom (which owned CBS from 2000 to 2005, and is now owned by National Amusements, which is also the parent of CBS) and publisher Simon & Schuster (which remains a part of CBS Corporation after the 2005 CBS/Viacom split), without disclosing the journalistic conflict-of-interest to viewers.^[78]

The Killian documents controversy (also referred to as Memogate or Rathergate) involved six documents critical of PresidentGeorge W. Bush‘s service in the Texas Air National Guard in 1972–1973. Four of these documents were presented as authentic in a60 Minutes Wednesdaybroadcast aired by CBS on September 8, 2004, less than two months before the 2004 Presidential Election, but it was later found that CBS had failed to authenticate the documents. Subsequently, several typewriter and typography experts concluded the documents are forgeries, as have some media sources. No forensic document examiners or typography experts authenticated the documents, which may not be possible without original documents. The provider of the documents, Lt. Col. Bill Burkett, claimed to have burned the originals after faxing copies to CBS. The whole incident was turned into a feature-length film entitledTruth.

A segment aired on the March 29, 2009, edition of60 Minutes, “The Internet Is Infected”, featured an interview with Don Jackson, a data protection professional for SecureWorks. Jackson himself declares in the program that: “A part of my job is to know the enemy”. However, during the interview, Jackson showed a photo of Finnish upper-level comprehensive school pupils and misidentified them as Russian hackers.^[79]In the photo, one of the children is wearing a jacket with the Coat of Arms of Finland on it. Another one is wearing a cap which clearly has the logo of Karjala, a Finnish brand of beer, on it. The principal of the school in Taivalkoski confirmed that the photo was taken at the school about five years before the program was broadcast.^[80]

The photo’s exact origins are unknown, but it is widely known in Finland, having been originally posted to a Finnish social networking site, IRC-Galleria, in the early 2000s. It spread all over Finnish internet communities, and even originated a couple of patriotically titled (but intentionally misspelled) mock sites.^[80][81]60 Minuteslater issued a correction and on-air apology.

Subsequent to the2012 Benghazi attack,60 Minutesaired a report by correspondent Lara Logan on October 27, 2013, in which British military contractor, Dylan Davies, identified by CBS under the pseudonym “Morgan Jones,” described racing to the Benghazi compound several hours after the main assault was over, scaling a 12-foot wall and knocking out a lone fighter with the butt of a rifle. He also claimed to have visited a Benghazi hospital earlier that night where he saw Ambassador Christopher Stevens’ body.

In the days following the report, Davies’ personal actions were challenged.^[82]The FBI, which had interviewed Davies several times and considered him a credible source,^[83]said the account Davies had given them was different than what he told60 Minutes. Davies stood by his story,^[84]but the inconsistency ultimately prompted60 Minutesto conclude it was a mistake to include Davies in their report and a correction was issued.^[85]

Following the correction, a journalistic review was conducted by Al Ortiz, CBS News’ executive director of standards and practices. He determined that red flags about Davies’ account were missed.^[86]Davies had said to the program and written in his book that he told an alternative version of his actions to his employer, who he said had demanded that he stay inside his Benghazi villa as the attack unfolded. That alternative version was shared with US authorities and 60 Minutes was unable to prove the story Davies had told them was true.^[87]

Davies’ book,The Embassy House, was published two days after the60 Minutesreport, by Threshold Editions, part of the Simon and Schuster unit of CBS. It was pulled from shelves once60 Minutesissued its correction.^[88]

On November 26, 2013, Lara Logan was forced to take a leave of absence due to the errors in the Benghazi report.^[87]

On December 15, 2013,60 Minutesaired a report on theNational Security Agency(NSA) that was widely criticized^[89]as false^[90]and a “puff piece.”^[91][92]The story was reported by John Miller, who once worked in the office of the Director of National Intelligence.

On March 30, 2014,60 Minutespresented a story on the Tesla Model S luxury electric automobile in a segment, with Scott Pelley conducting an interview with CEOElon Muskconcerning the car brand as well as his SpaceX company. Within a day, the automotive blog site Jalopnik reported that the sounds accompanying footage of the car shown during the story were actually sounds from a traditional gasoline engine dubbed over the footage, when in reality the electric car is much quieter.^[93]CBS released a statement explaining that the sound was the result of an audio editing error, and subsequently removed the noise from the online version of the piece. However, several news outlets, as well as Jalopnik itself, have expressed doubt over the authenticity of this explanation, noting the similar scandal involving Tesla Motors andThe New York Timesin 2013.^[94][95]

After the resignation of CBS news head Les Moonves, an investigation into sexual harassment at CBS, including 60 Minutes, uncovered evidence of long-running sexual harassment issues stemming from behavior of 60 Minutes producers Jeff Fager and Don Hewitt^[96][97]

The main60 Minutesshow has created a number of spin-offs over the years.

30 Minuteswas a newsmagazine aimed at children that was patterned after60 Minutes, airing as the final program in CBS’s Saturday morning lineup from 1978 to 1982. It was hosted by Christopher Glenn (who also served as the voice-over for the interstitial programIn the Newsand was an anchor on the CBS Radio Network), along with Betsy Aaron (1978–1980) and Betty Ann Bowser (1980–1982).

60 Minutes Morewas a spin-off that ran for one season from 1996 to 1997. The episodes featured popular stories from the past that were expanded with updates on the original story. Each episode featured three of these segments.^[98]

In 1999, a second edition of60 Minuteswas started in the U.S., called60 Minutes II. This edition was later renamed60 Minutesby CBS for the fall of 2004 in an effort to sell it as a high-quality program, since some had sarcastically referred to it as60 Minutes, Jr.CBS News president Andrew Heyward said, “The Roman numeral II created some confusion on the part of the viewers and suggested a watered-down version”.^[99]However, a widely known controversy which came to be known as “Rathergate”, regarding a report that aired September 8, 2004, caused another name change. The program was retitled60 Minutes Wednesdayboth to differentiate itself and to avoid tarnishing the Sunday edition, as the editions were editorially independent from one another. It reverted to its original Roman numeral title on July 8, 2005, when the program moved to Fridays in an 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time slot to finish its run. The show’s final broadcast was on September 2, 2005.

In 2011, CNBC began airing a60 Minutesspin-off of its own, called60 Minutes on CNBC. Hosted by Lesley Stahl and Steve Kroft, it airs updated business-related reports seen on the original broadcasts and offers footage that were not included when the segments first aired.

In 2013, CBS’s sister premium television network Showtime premiered60 Minutes Sports, a monthly spin-off focused on sports-related stories and classic interviews from the show’s archives. Personalities from CBS Sports also contributed to the program. The spin-off was considered to be a competitor to HBO’sReal Sports, and was cancelled in January 2017.^{[100][101][102]}

For the60 Minutes25th anniversary in 1993, Charles Kuralt interviewed Don Hewitt, the active correspondents, some former correspondents, and revisited notable stories and celebrities.

The Australian version of60 Minutespremiered on February 11, 1979. It still airs each Sunday night at 7:30 p.m. on the Nine Network and affiliates. Although Nine Network has the rights to the format, as of 2007, it does not have rights to stories from the U.S. program. Nevertheless, stories from the flagship60 Minutesprogram in the U.S. often air on the Australian program by subleasing them from Network Ten. In 1980,60 Minuteswon a Logie Award for their investigation of lethal abuses at the Chelmsford psychiatric hospital in Sydney.

In the mid-1980s, an edited version (approx. 30 minutes in length) of the U.S. broadcast edition of60 Minutes, entitled “60 Minutes: CBS im Dritten” (“60 Minutes: CBS on Channel 3”) was shown for a time on West German television. This version retained the English-language soundtrack of the original, but also featured German subtitles.

The New Zealand version of60 Minuteshas aired on national television since 1989, when it was originally launched on TV3. In 1992, the rights were acquired by TVNZ, who began broadcasting it in 1993. The network aired the program for nine years before dropping it in 2002 for its own program, entitledSunday, which is currently the highest-rated current affairs show broadcast on New Zealand television, followed by20/20.60 Minuteswas broadcast by rival network TV3, before switching to the Sky Television owned Prime channel in 2013, when the contract changed hands.

The original programs are shown in Portugal on SIC Notícias with introductory and closing remarks by journalist Mário Crespo.

The news program of National Broadcasting of Chile (TVN), the public television network in that country, was named60 Minutos(“60 Minutes”) from 1975 to 1988, but the program had no association with the US version and no investigative reporting.