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2 Tone (music genre)

Two-tone(or2 tone) is a genre of British music that fuses traditional ska with musical elements ofpunk rockand new wave music.[1]Its name comes from 2 Tone Records, a label founded by Jerry Dammers of The Specials,[2]and references a desire to transcend and defuse racial tensions in Thatcher-era Britain; many two-tone groups, such as The Specials, The Selecter, and The Beat featured a mix ofblack,white, and multiracial people. Originating in the urban centers in England in the late 1970s, it was part of the second wave of ska music, following on from the first ska music that developed inJamaicain the 1950s and 1960s, and infused it withpunkand new wave textures. Although two-tone’s mainstream commercial appeal was largely limited to the UK, it influenced the third wave ska and ska punk movements that developed in the US in the late 1980s and 1990s.[3][4]

Two-tone
Stylistic origins
Cultural origins Late 1970s, Coventry, United Kingdom
Typical instruments
Derivative forms
  • Third wave ska
  • ska punk
Other topics
  • 2 Tone Records
  • reggae rock

History

The two-tone sound originated among young musicians in Coventry (in the West Midlands of England) who grew up hearing 1960s Jamaican music.[5]They combined influences from ska,reggaeand rocksteady with elements ofpunk rockand new wave. Bands considered part of the genre include The Specials, The Selecter, Madness, The Beat, Bad Manners, The Bodysnatchers and Akrylykz.

The Specials’ keyboard player Jerry Dammers coined the term “two-tone”. Dammers, with the assistance of Horace Panter and graphic designer John “Teflon” Sims, developed the iconicWalt Jabscologo (a man in a black suit, white shirt, black tie, pork pie hat, white socks and black loafers) to represent the two-tone genre. The logo, based on an early album-cover photo of Peter Tosh, included an added black-and-white check pattern.[6][7][8]

Most of the bands considered to be part of the two-tone genre were signed to 2 Tone Records (operative 1979-1985) at some point. Other record labels associated with the two-tone sound were Stiff Records and Go Feet Records. The music was especially popular among skinheads, rudies and some mod revivalists.

Museum

On 1 October 2010 the 2-Tone Central museum, cafe and venue opened in the Coventry University Students’ Union building, and by August 2011 it had moved to the 2-Tone Village in Stoke, Coventry.[9]It includes exhibition space, the Coventry Music Wall of Fame,[10][11][12][13]a cafe, a gift shop, a Caribbean restaurant and a music venue. Members of The Selecter, The Beat and The Specials have loaned many of the items on display.

References

[1]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.com“Ska Revival”. AllMusic.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[2]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.comChris Woodstra. “The Specials”. AllMusic.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[3]

Citation Linkwww.sfgate.comSelvin, Joel (23 March 2008). “A brief history of ska”.San Francisco Chronicle.

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[4]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.com“Third Wave Ska Revival”. AllMusic.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[5]

Citation Link2-tone.info“Jerry Dammers interview by Alexis Petrides”,Mojo, Jan. 2002. Accessed on 2-tone.info 18 October 2007

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[6]

Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgHorace Panter (2007).Ska’d For Life. Sidgwick & Jackson.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[7]

Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgStaple, Neville.Original Rude Boy. Aurum Press, 2009

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[8]

Citation Linkwww.thespecials2.com“British ska legends The Specials. History, lyrics, MP3, 2 Tone, two tone, ska, Jerry Dammers, Terry Hall, Neville Staple, Roddy Byers, Lynval Golding, Horace Panter, John Brad Bradbury”. TheSpecials2.com. Retrieved 28 June 2014.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[9]

Citation Linkwww.2tonecentral.co.uk“2-TONE CENTRAL-The 2-Tone Museum, Cafe and Venue, Coventry”. 2tonecentral.co.uk. Archived from the original on 30 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2014.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[10]

Citation Linkwww.coventrytelegraph.netChambers, Pete (20 October 2011). “Music Legends Honoured on Coventry’s Wall of Fame”. Coventry Evening Telegraph. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 23 December 2011.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[11]

Citation Linkwww.coventryobserver.co.ukCarpenter, Steve (22 November 2011). “Three more names on Coventry Music Wall of Fame”. Coventry Observer. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2011.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[12]

Citation Linkblogs.coventrytelegraph.netManger, Warren (6 December 2011). “Wall of Fame honours more stars who put Coventry on the music map”. Coventry Evening Telegraph. Retrieved 8 December 2011.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[13]

Citation Linkwww.coventrytelegraph.netBagot, Martin (6 December 2011). “Coventry music heroes honoured in Wall of Fame”. Coventry Evening Telegraph. Retrieved 8 December 2011.

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[14]

Citation Linkwww.2-tone.info2 Tone Information

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[15]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org2-Tone Central

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[16]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.com“Ska Revival”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[17]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.com“The Specials”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[18]

Citation Linkwww.sfgate.com“A brief history of ska”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[19]

Citation Linkwww.allmusic.com“Third Wave Ska Revival”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[20]

Citation Link2-tone.info“Jerry Dammers interview by Alexis Petrides”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[21]

Citation Linkwww.thespecials2.com“British ska legends The Specials. History, lyrics, MP3, 2 Tone, two tone, ska, Jerry Dammers, Terry Hall, Neville Staple, Roddy Byers, Lynval Golding, Horace Panter, John Brad Bradbury”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[22]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org“2-TONE CENTRAL-The 2-Tone Museum, Cafe and Venue, Coventry”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[23]

Citation Linkwww.2tonecentral.co.ukthe original

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[24]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org“Music Legends Honoured on Coventry’s Wall of Fame”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[25]

Citation Linkwww.coventrytelegraph.netthe original

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[26]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org“Three more names on Coventry Music Wall of Fame”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[27]

Citation Linkwww.coventryobserver.co.ukthe original

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[28]

Citation Linkblogs.coventrytelegraph.net“Wall of Fame honours more stars who put Coventry on the music map”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[29]

Citation Linkwww.coventrytelegraph.net“Coventry music heroes honoured in Wall of Fame”

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[30]

Citation Linkwww.2-tone.info2 Tone Information

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[31]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org2-Tone Central

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM
[32]

Citation Linken.wikipedia.orgThe original version of this page is from Wikipedia, you can edit the page right here on Everipedia.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Additional terms may apply.See everipedia.org/everipedia-termsfor further details.Images/media credited individually (click the icon for details).

Sep 26, 2019, 5:34 PM