Onionlinks

Onionlinks

Did You Know?

We design Docy for the readers, optimizing not for page views or engagement

1999–2000 NHL season

1999–2000 NHL season

The1999–2000 NHL seasonwas the 83rd regular season of the National Hockey League. With the addition of the expansion Atlanta Thrashers, 28 teams each played 82 games. This was the first season played in which teams were awarded a point for an overtime loss. The New Jersey Devils defeated the defending champion Dallas Stars for their secondStanley Cupchampionship. During the regular season, no player reached the 100-point plateau, the first time this had happened in a non-lockout season since the 1967–68 season. Also, in the 2000 Stanley Cup playoffs, the New Jersey Devils overcame a three games to one deficit against the Philadelphia Flyers to win the Eastern Conference Finals.

1999–2000 NHL season
League National Hockey League
Sport Ice hockey
Duration October 1, 1999 – June 10, 2000
Number of games 82
Number of teams 28
Draft
Top draft pick Patrik Stefan
Picked by Atlanta Thrashers
Regular season
Presidents’ Trophy St. Louis Blues
Season MVP Chris Pronger (Blues)
Top scorer Jaromir Jagr (Penguins)
Playoffs
Eastern champions New Jersey Devils
  Eastern runners-up Philadelphia Flyers
Western champions Dallas Stars
  Western runners-up Colorado Avalanche
Playoffs MVP Scott Stevens (Devils)
Stanley Cup
Champions New Jersey Devils
  Runners-up Dallas Stars

League business

Throughout the regular season and playoffs, teams wore a patch celebrating the turn of the millennium (see above).

Beginning this season, teams would earn one point for an overtime loss in the regular season instead of zero. It was hoped that this change would stop teams from playing very defensively during the overtime to guarantee the single point from a tie. The number of ties had been going up for some years and the NHL was hoping to counter this trend and did so quite successfully with this rule change.[1]

This season was also the start of the NHL’s partnership withABC, who would televise a few regional games every season, as well as games three through seven of the Stanley Cup Finals.ESPN, who with the ABC deal renewed their contract with the NHL, continued to show regular season and playoff games as well as the first two games of the Stanley Cup Finals.

Wayne Gretzky’s jersey number, 99, was retired league-wide on February 6, 2000.

The 1999–2000 season was the inaugural year for the Atlanta Thrashers. They would join the Southeast Division, marking the return of the NHL toAtlantasince the Atlanta Flames moved toCalgaryin 1980. It was also the first year for the Carolina Hurricanes’ home rink, the Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena, the Los Angeles Kings played their first season at theStaples Centerafter 32 seasons at the Great Western Forum, and the Colorado Avalanche played their first season at the Pepsi Center.

A new award, the Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award, was introduced this season for the goaltender with the best save percentage.

Overtime rule changes

The standings will record three points for games decided in overtime: 2 to the winning team, and 1 to the loser. In addition, overtimes will be played with four skaters per side, instead of five.[2]

Uniform Changes and Patches

League wide: an NHL 2000 patch was worn this season for the New Millennium.

Anaheim: Jade Alternates Retired. Eggplant pants with Jade Stripes are restored.

Atlanta: White jerseys have the team logo, while the road darks have the alternate mark. The team wore Ignargural season patches for their first season.

Carolina: Shade of red is darkened. In addition to the NHL 2000 Patch, the Hurricanes wore two other patches this season, one celebrated the opening of the Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena, and the other was in Memory of Steve Chiasson, who died in a single-vehicle, alcohol-involved crash after the Hurricanes were eliminated in the 1999 Stanley Cup Playoffs.

Chicago: The tan outline on the crest is removed.

Colorado: Shade of Burgundy is darkened from 1998-1999

Dallas: The alternates from 1998-1999 become the basis of the team’s new home Uniform. the actual 1998-1999 Alternates become the new road uniform.

Los Angeles: New Purple alternates introduced.

New York Rangers: Navy Blue Lady Liberty Alternates return.

Ottawa: The Alternates from the 1998-1999 become the new Road Uniforms

Phoenix: Crest on the alternates get a sand-colored outline.

Tampa Bay: the alternate jerseys are dropped.

Toronto: All-star game patch worn for 2000 NHL All Star Game. the Alternates worn during the 1998-1999 season for the last year at Maple Leaf Gardens go on a one year hiatus.

Regular season

Final standings

Eastern Conference

Atlantic Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 1 Philadelphia Flyers 82 45 22 12 3 237 179 1233 105
2 4 New Jersey Devils 82 45 24 8 5 251 203 1313 103
3 7 Pittsburgh Penguins 82 37 31 8 6 241 236 1221 88
4 11 New York Rangers 82 29 38 12 3 218 246 916 73
5 13 New York Islanders 82 24 48 9 1 194 275 1376 58
Northeast Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 3 Toronto Maple Leafs 82 45 27 7 3 246 222 1103 100
2 6 Ottawa Senators 82 41 28 11 2 244 210 850 95
3 8 Buffalo Sabres 82 35 32 11 4 213 204 1173 85
4 10 Montreal Canadiens 82 35 34 9 4 196 194 1067 83
5 11 Boston Bruins 82 24 33 19 6 210 248 865 73
Southeast Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 2 Washington Capitals 82 44 24 12 2 227 194 994 102
2 5 Florida Panthers 82 43 27 6 6 244 209 1329 98
3 9 Carolina Hurricanes 82 37 35 10 0 217 216 799 84
4 14 Tampa Bay Lightning 82 19 47 9 7 204 310 1733 54
5 15 Atlanta Thrashers 82 14 57 7 4 170 313 1422 39
Eastern Conference[[CITE|3|http://www.nhl.com/ice/standings.htm?season=19992000&type=CON]]
R Div GP W L T OTL GF GA Pts
1 Z – Philadelphia Flyers AT 82 45 22 12 3 237 179 105
2 Y – Washington Capitals SE 82 44 24 12 2 227 194 102
3 Y – Toronto Maple Leafs NE 82 45 27 7 3 246 222 100
4 X – New Jersey Devils AT 82 45 24 8 5 251 203 103
5 X – Florida Panthers SE 82 43 27 6 6 244 209 98
6 X – Ottawa Senators NE 82 41 28 11 2 244 210 95
7 X– Pittsburgh Penguins AT 82 37 31 8 6 241 236 88
8 X – Buffalo Sabres NE 82 35 32 11 4 213 204 85
8.5
9 Carolina Hurricanes SE 82 37 35 10 0 217 216 84
10 Montreal Canadiens NE 82 35 34 9 4 196 194 83
11 New York Rangers AT 82 29 28 12 3 218 246 73
12 Boston Bruins NE 82 24 33 19 6 210 248 73
13 New York Islanders AT 82 24 48 9 1 194 275 58
14 Tampa Bay Lightning SE 82 19 47 9 7 204 310 54
15 Atlanta Thrashers SE 82 14 57 7 4 170 313 39

Divisions:AT– Atlantic,NE– Northeast,SE– Southeast

Z –Clinched Conference;Y –Clinched Division;X –Clinched Playoff spot

Western Conference

Central Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 1 St. Louis Blues 82 51 19 11 1 248 165 1139 114
2 4 Detroit Red Wings 82 48 22 10 2 278 210 1014 108
3 11 Chicago Blackhawks 82 33 37 10 2 242 245 1444 78
4 13 Nashville Predators 82 28 40 7 7 199 240 946 70
Northwest Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 3 Colorado Avalanche 82 42 28 11 1 233 201 1118 96
2 7 Edmonton Oilers 82 32 26 16 8 226 212 1344 88
3 10 Vancouver Canucks 82 30 29 15 8 227 237 1047 83
4 12 Calgary Flames 82 31 36 10 5 211 256 1267 77
Pacific Division
No. CR GP W L T OTL GF GA PIM Pts
1 2 Dallas Stars 82 43 23 10 6 211 184 1029 102
2 5 Los Angeles Kings 82 39 27 12 4 245 228 1313 94
3 6 Phoenix Coyotes 82 39 31 8 4 232 228 940 90
4 8 San Jose Sharks 82 35 30 10 7 225 214 1292 87
5 9 Mighty Ducks of Anaheim 82 34 33 12 3 217 227 926 83
Western Conference[[CITE|4|http://www.nhl.com/ice/standings.htm?season=19992000&type=CON]]
R Div GP W L T OTL GF GA Pts
1 p – St. Louis Blues CEN 82 51 19 11 1 248 165 114
2 y – Dallas Stars PAC 82 43 23 10 6 211 184 102
3 y – Colorado Avalanche NW 82 42 28 11 1 233 201 96
4 Detroit Red Wings CEN 82 48 22 10 2 278 210 108
5 Los Angeles Kings PAC 82 39 27 12 4 245 228 94
6 Phoenix Coyotes PAC 82 39 31 8 4 232 228 90
7 Edmonton Oilers NW 82 32 26 16 8 226 212 88
8 San Jose Sharks PAC 82 35 30 10 7 225 214 87
8.5
9 Mighty Ducks of Anaheim PAC 82 34 33 12 3 217 227 83
10 Vancouver Canucks NW 82 30 29 15 8 227 237 83
11 Chicago Blackhawks CEN 82 33 37 10 2 242 245 78
12 Calgary Flames NW 82 31 36 10 5 211 256 77
13 Nashville Predators CEN 82 28 40 7 7 199 240 70

Divisions:CEN– Central,PAC– Pacific,NW– Northwest

bold– Qualified for playoffs;p– Won Presidents’ Trophy;y– Won division

Playoffs

Two upsets occurred in the first round as seventh-place Pittsburgh defeated the second-place Washington Capitals in five games and eighth-place San Jose defeated the first-place St. Louis Blues in seven games. Both Pittsburgh and San Jose lost in the second round to end their seasons. In the East, fourth-place New Jersey Devils defeated fifth-place Florida Panthers, third-place Toronto Maple Leafs and first-place Philadelphia Flyers to advance to the final. In the West, the second-place Dallas Stars defeated the seventh-place Edmonton Oilers, eighth-place San Jose Sharks, and the third-place Colorado Avalanche to advance to the final.

Final

The New Jersey Devils defeated the Dallas Stars four games to two to win theStanley Cup. Scott Stevens of New Jersey was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy as the playoffs’ most valuable player.

New Jersey (4) vs. Dallas (2)
Date Away Score Home OT
May 30 Dallas 3 – 7 New Jersey
June 1 Dallas 2 – 1 New Jersey
June 3 New Jersey 2 – 1 Dallas
June 5 New Jersey 3 – 1 Dallas
June 8 Dallas 1 – 0 New Jersey 3OT
June 10 New Jersey 2 – 1 Dallas 2OT

Playoff bracket

Conference Quarterfinals Conference Semifinals Conference Finals Stanley Cup Final
1 Philadelphia 4 1 Philadelphia 4
8 Buffalo 1 7 Pittsburgh 2
2 Washington 1 Eastern Conference
7 Pittsburgh 4
1 Philadelphia 3
4 New Jersey 4
3 Toronto 4
6 Ottawa 2
4 New Jersey 4 3 Toronto 2
5 Florida 0 4 New Jersey 4
E4 New Jersey 4
(Pairings are re-seeded after the first round.)
W2 Dallas 2
1 St. Louis 3 2 Dallas 4
8 San Jose 4 8 San Jose 1
2 Dallas 4
7 Edmonton 1
2 Dallas 4
3 Colorado 3
3 Colorado 4
6 Phoenix 1 Western Conference
4 Detroit 4 3 Colorado 4
5 Los Angeles 0 4 Detroit 1
  • During the first three rounds home ice is determined by seeding number, not position on the bracket. In the Finals the team with the better regular season record has home ice.

Awards

Presidents’ Trophy: St. Louis Blues
Prince of Wales Trophy: New Jersey Devils
Clarence S. Campbell Bowl: Dallas Stars
Art Ross Trophy: Jaromir Jagr, Pittsburgh Penguins
Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy: Ken Daneyko, New Jersey Devils
Calder Memorial Trophy: Scott Gomez, New Jersey Devils
Frank J. Selke Trophy: Steve Yzerman, Detroit Red Wings
Hart Memorial Trophy: Chris Pronger, St. Louis Blues
Conn Smythe Trophy: Scott Stevens, New Jersey Devils
Jack Adams Award: Joel Quenneville, St. Louis Blues
James Norris Memorial Trophy: Chris Pronger, St. Louis Blues
King Clancy Memorial Trophy: Curtis Joseph, Toronto Maple Leafs
Lady Byng Memorial Trophy: Pavol Demitra, St. Louis Blues
Lester B. Pearson Award: Jaromir Jagr, Pittsburgh Penguins
Lester Patrick Trophy: Mario Lemieux, Craig Patrick, Lou Vairo
Maurice ‘Rocket’ Richard Trophy Pavel Bure, Florida Panthers
NHL Plus-Minus Award: Chris Pronger, St. Louis Blues
Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award: Ed Belfour, Dallas Stars
Vezina Trophy: Olaf Kolzig, Washington Capitals
William M. Jennings Trophy: Roman Turek, St. Louis Blues

All-Star teams

First team   Position   Second team
Olaf Kolzig, Washington Capitals G Roman Turek, St. Louis Blues
Chris Pronger, St. Louis Blues D Rob Blake, Los Angeles Kings
Nicklas Lidstrom, Detroit Red Wings D Eric Desjardins, Philadelphia Flyers
Steve Yzerman, Detroit Red Wings C Mike Modano, Dallas Stars
Jaromir Jagr, Pittsburgh Penguins RW Pavel Bure, Florida Panthers
Brendan Shanahan, Detroit Red Wings LW Paul Kariya, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim

Player statistics

Scoring leaders

Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points

Player Team GP G A Pts
Jaromir Jagr Pittsburgh Penguins 63 42 54 96
Pavel Bure Florida Panthers 74 58 36 94
Mark Recchi Philadelphia Flyers 82 28 63 91
Paul Kariya Mighty Ducks of Anaheim 74 42 44 86
Teemu Selanne Mighty Ducks of Anaheim 79 33 52 85
Owen Nolan San Jose Sharks 78 44 40 84
Tony Amonte Chicago Blackhawks 82 43 41 84
Mike Modano Dallas Stars 77 38 43 81
Joe Sakic Colorado Avalanche 60 28 53 81
Steve Yzerman Detroit Red Wings 78 35 44 79

Leading goaltenders

Note: GP = Games played; Min – Minutes Played; GA = Goals Against; GAA = Goals Against Average; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts

Player Team GP MIN GA GAA W L T SO
Brian Boucher Philadelphia Flyers 35 2038 65 1.91 20 10 3 4
Roman Turek St. Louis Blues 67 3960 129 1.95 42 15 9 7
Ed Belfour Dallas Stars 62 3620 127 2.10 32 21 7 4
Jose Theodore Montreal Canadiens 30 1655 58 2.10 12 13 2 5
John Vanbiesbrouck Philadelphia Flyers 50 2950 108 2.20 25 15 9 3
Dominik Hasek Buffalo Sabres 35 2066 76 2.21 15 11 6 3
Martin Brodeur New Jersey Devils 72 4312 161 2.24 43 20 8 6
Patrick Roy Colorado Avalanche 63 3704 141 2.28 32 21 8 2
Tommy Salo Edmonton Oilers 70 4164 162 2.33 27 28 13 2
Patrick Lalime Ottawa Senators 38 2038 79 2.33 19 14 3 3

Source: 2001 NHL Yearbook

Coaches

Eastern Conference

  • Atlanta Thrashers: Curt Fraser

  • Boston Bruins: Pat Burns

  • Buffalo Sabres: Lindy Ruff

  • Carolina Hurricanes: Paul Maurice

  • Florida Panthers: Terry Murray

  • Montreal Canadiens: Alain Vigneault

  • New Jersey Devils: Robbie Ftorek and Larry Robinson

  • New York Islanders: Butch Goring

  • New York Rangers: John Muckler and John Tortorella

  • Ottawa Senators: Jacques Martin

  • Philadelphia Flyers: Roger Neilson and Craig Ramsay

  • Pittsburgh Penguins: Herb Brooks

  • Tampa Bay Lightning: Steve Ludzik

  • Toronto Maple Leafs: Pat Quinn

  • Washington Capitals: Ron Wilson

Western Conference

  • Mighty Ducks of Anaheim: Craig Hartsburg

  • Calgary Flames: Brian Sutter

  • Chicago Blackhawks: Lorne Molleken and Bob Pulford

  • Colorado Avalanche: Bob Hartley

  • Dallas Stars: Ken Hitchcock

  • Detroit Red Wings: Scotty Bowman

  • Edmonton Oilers: Kevin Lowe

  • Los Angeles Kings: Larry Robinson

  • Nashville Predators: Barry Trotz

  • Phoenix Coyotes: Bobby Francis

  • San Jose Sharks: Darryl Sutter

  • St. Louis Blues: Joel Quenneville

  • Vancouver Canucks: Marc Crawford

Milestones

Debuts

The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1999–2000 (listed with their first team, an asterisk(*) marks debut in playoffs):

  • Patrik Stefan, Atlanta Thrashers

  • John Grahame, Boston Bruins

  • Maxim Afinogenov, Buffalo Sabres

  • Robyn Regehr, Calgary Flames

  • Alex Tanguay, Colorado Avalanche

  • Martin Skoula, Colorado Avalanche

  • Brenden Morrow, Dallas Stars

  • Steve Reinprecht, Los Angeles Kings

  • Mike Ribeiro, Montreal Canadiens

  • Brian Rafalski, New Jersey Devils

  • Scott Gomez, New Jersey Devils

  • Willie Mitchell, New Jersey Devils

  • Roberto Luongo, New York Islanders

  • Tim Connolly, New York Islanders

  • Jan Hlavac, New York Rangers

  • Mike York, New York Rangers

  • Mike Fisher, Ottawa Senators

  • Brian Boucher, Philadelphia Flyers

  • Simon Gagne, Philadelphia Flyers

  • Brad Stuart, San Jose Sharks

  • Evgeni Nabokov, San Jose Sharks

  • Ladislav Nagy, St. Louis Blues

  • Nik Antropov, Toronto Maple Leafs

Last games

The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1999–2000 (listed with their last team):

  • Marty McSorley, Boston Bruins

  • Grant Fuhr, Calgary Flames

  • Steve Smith, Calgary Flames

  • Ed Olczyk, Chicago Blackhawks

  • Brian Skrudland, Dallas Stars

  • Guy Carbonneau, Dallas Stars

  • Ken Wregget, Detroit Red Wings

  • Bill Ranford, Edmonton Oilers

  • Ray Sheppard, Florida Panthers

  • Esa Tikkanen, Florida Panthers

  • Darren Turcotte, Nashville Predators

  • Ulf Samuelsson, Philadelphia Flyers

  • Zarley Zalapski, Philadelphia Flyers

  • Rob Brown, Pittsburgh Penguins

  • Pat Falloon, Pittsburgh Penguins

  • Bob Rouse, San Jose Sharks

  • Murray Craven, San Jose Sharks

  • Dave Ellett, St. Louis Blues

  • Geoff Courtnall, St. Louis Blues

  • Derek King, St. Louis Blues

  • Daren Puppa, Tampa Bay Lightning

  • Shawn Burr, Tampa Bay Lightning

  • Wendel Clark, Toronto Maple Leafs

  • Doug Bodger, Vancouver Canucks

Trading deadline

Trading deadline: March 14, 2000.[5]

  • March 14, 2000: Anaheim traded D Dan Trebil to Pittsburgh for a fifth-round pick in the 2000 Entry Draft.

  • March 14, 2000: Atlanta traded RW Ed Ward to Anaheim for a conditional pick in the 2001 Entry Draft.

  • March 14, 2000: Atlanta traded RW Kirby Law to Philadelphia for Vancouver’s sixth-round pick in the 2000 Entry Draft (previously acquired) and a conditional pick in 2001.

  • March 14, 2000: Calgary traded D Cale Hulse and a third-round pick in the 2001 Entry Draft to Nashville for RW Sergei Krivokrasov.

  • March 14, 2000: Calgary traded G Tyler Moss and LW Rene Corbet to Pittsburgh for D Brad Werenka.

  • March 14, 2000: Carolina Hurricanes traded C Kent Manderville to Philadelphia Flyers for RW Sandy McCarthy.

  • March 14, 2000: Edmonton traded LW Josef Beranek to Pittsburgh for LW German Titov.

  • March 14, 2000: Florida traded C Ryan Johnson and LW Dwayne Hay to Tampa Bay for C Mike Sillinger.

  • March 14, 2000: Nashville traded G Corey Hirsch to Anaheim for future considerations.

  • March 14, 2000: New Jersey Devils traded C Brendan Morrison and C Denis Pederson to Vancouver Canucks for RW Alexander Mogilny.

  • March 14, 2000: Ottawa Senators traded G Ron Tugnutt and D Janne Laukkanen to Pittsburgh Penguins for G Tom Barrasso.

  • March 14, 2000: NY Islanders traded C Petr Sachl to Nashville for a ninth-round pick in the 2000 Entry Draft.

  • March 10, 2000 – Buffalo Sabres obtain Doug Gilmour, Jean-Pierre Dumont and a conditional draft pick in 2001 or 2002 from the Chicago Blackhawks for Michal Grosek.

  • March 6, 2000 – Colorado Avalanche obtain Ray Bourque and Dave Andreychuk from the Boston Bruins for Brian Rolston, Samuel Pahlsson, Martin Grenier and a 2000 first round draft pick (RW Martin Samuelsson).

Hat Tricks

See also

  • List of Stanley Cup champions

  • 1999 NHL Entry Draft

  • 1999 NHL Expansion Draft

  • 50th National Hockey League All-Star Game

  • NHL All-Star Game

  • NHL All-Rookie Team

  • 1999 in sports

  • 2000 in sports

References

[1]

Citation Linkwww.thehockeynews.comEdward Fraser (March 22, 2011). “The NHL’s points inflation, and how to solve it”.The Hockey News. Archived from the original on March 28, 2012. Retrieved May 20, 2011.

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[2]

Citation Linkwww.nytimes.comLapointe, Joe (23 June 1999). “ON HOCKEY; Beware of Overtime Rule Changes” – via NYTimes.com.

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[3]

Citation Linkwww.nhl.com“1999–2000 Standings by Conference”. National Hockey League. Retrieved July 16, 2012.

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[4]

Citation Linkwww.nhl.com“1999-2000 Conference Standings Standings – NHL.com – Standings”. NHL. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[5]

Citation Linkweb.archive.orgNHL trade deadline: Deals since 1980 | Habs Inside/Out Archived 2009-02-16 at the Wayback Machine

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[6]

Citation Linkwww.hockeydb.comHockey Database

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[7]

Citation Linknhl.comhttp://nhl.com/

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[8]

Citation Linkweb.archive.org“The NHL’s points inflation, and how to solve it”

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[9]

Citation Linkwww.thehockeynews.comthe original

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[10]

Citation Linkwww.nytimes.com“ON HOCKEY; Beware of Overtime Rule Changes”

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[11]

Citation Linkwww.nhl.com“1999–2000 Standings by Conference”

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[12]

Citation Linkwww.nhl.com“1999-2000 Conference Standings Standings – NHL.com – Standings”

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[13]

Citation Linkwww.habsinsideout.comNHL trade deadline: Deals since 1980 | Habs Inside/Out

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[14]

Citation Linkweb.archive.orgArchived

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[15]

Citation Linkwww.hockeydb.comHockey Database

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[16]

Citation Linknhl.comhttp://nhl.com/

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM
[17]

Citation Linken.wikipedia.orgThe original version of this page is from Wikipedia, you can edit the page right here on Everipedia.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Additional terms may apply.See everipedia.org/everipedia-termsfor further details.Images/media credited individually (click the icon for details).

Sep 27, 2019, 12:16 AM